Sunday, November 20, 2016

Weekly blog 11/20/16

Image: Image result for human body systems

Image link: http://www.livescience.com/37009-human-body.html

Summary: This week we started our human body redesign project. My group originally planned on doing the immune system but other groups were doing it so we switched to the respiratory system. Our redesign was to have an extra oxygen reserve somewhere near your lungs and there would be carbon dioxide sack from the oxygen in the reserve. When you are about to drown and is running out of air the brain sends a message to the oxygen reserve to give the lungs oxygen. The lungs could be connected to the oxygen reserve so to refill the reserve little amounts of oxygen go through bronchi and into the reserve. Then another bronchi is for the reserve to give your lungs oxygen.

SP6: Constructing explanations and designing solutions
The goal of science is the construction of theories that provide explanations about the natural world.  explanatory power.

Did you explain something through your work?
(This may be when you researched something)

Yes me an my group researched the human body systems and we are redesigning the respiratory system. We researched the respiratory system and we know that it allows us to breath. Since we know that it gives us air when we brainstormed on how we would redesign the respiratory system we chose the one that would help the system the most.


Tuesday, November 8, 2016

Immune system

Immune System

System image: Image result for Immune system


Body system function: The function of the immune system is to defend your body against cells that could cause diseases such as cancer or maybe just the common cold. The immune system isn't perfect though there are still symptoms you could get for the immune system protecting your body. Some systems may be a fever, swelling, and a runny nose. There are other different symptoms for other different scenarios like if you get cut with a knife your the immune system would react differently. There's also symptoms for allergies like if you're allergic to a cat or pollen.

Organs: Some organs that are from the immune system are the phagocytes, lymphocytes, and lymph nodes. Phagocytes is a type of white blood cells also known as leukocytes that chew up invading germs. Then there's another type of leukocytes/white blood cells called lymphocytes which remembers what type of germs invaded and to regocnize if it has invaded before. Lastly there's something called lymphnodes which is filters out all the germs that could make you sick. Lymphnodes can be found beside your neck, your knees, and your armpits, etc.There is also bone marrow and your spleen which is an organ that filters your blood.

One organs structure and function: Leukocytes/white blood cells helps defend your body from germs that can make you sick. There are 2 types of leukocytes/white blood cells which are Phagocytes and lymphocytes. Phagocytes are a white blood cell that chew up invading germs then there's lymphocytes. Lymphocytes help you recognize a germ or virus that your body has faced before. The lymphocytes is kind of like the brain of the immune system because it remembers the germs that you have faced before and remembers a new germ so if you face it again your body knows how to defend against it.

Interactions with other systems: The immune system works with the circulatory system, the lymphatic system, and the integumentary system. The immune system works closely with the circulatory system for transportation because the immune system needs to make sure every organ and tissue in your body isn't sick. Then there's the lymphatic system which works with the immune system because the lymphatic system creates lymphocytes to defend against germs. Lastly the immune system works with the integumentary system which is also your skin. Your skin defends against germs when you touch things which means it's your first line of defense against germs.

Analogy: 

Analogy image: Image result for clorox wipes

Image link: http://www.target.com/p/clorox-disinfecting-wipes-3x35ct-variety-scent-pack/-/A-12992464

Analogy explanation: The immune system is similar to clorox wipes because clorox wipes clean germs off of surfaces. Then the immune system kills germs in your body with leukocytes/white blood cells. Once you're done with the clorox wipe you can throw away the used one and get another one. Then the immune system filters germs when they are trying to get into your body and make your sick.

Redesign: If I could redesign the immune system I would redesign how much white blood cells/leukocytes are created to destroy the germs. We could redesign the immune system so if there are a lot of germs then a lot of leukocytes/white blood cells will be created. Then if there isn't that many germs then not that many leukocytes/white blood cells will be created.

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Sunday, November 6, 2016

Respiratory system

Respiratory system


Body system image: Image result for Respiratory system

Image link: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Respiratory_system_(chest).jpg


Body system function: The function of the respiratory system is to help you breath. The respiratory system lets oxygen in and when you breath out carbon dioxide comes out. Carbon dioxide is created by cellular respiration. Every living thing needs to breath and you have your lungs that help you breath. The same goes for fish except they have gills.

Organs: The lungs are one of the organs of the respiratory system and the lungs are responsible for giving you air to breath. You have 2 lungs in total but the lung on the right side is a bit bigger than the lung on the left. Then there's something called a diaphragm which helps the lungs to inhale oxygen and to breath out carbon dioxide. Another organ is the trachea which is also called the windpipe and the bottom of the trachea is connected to 2 tubes called bronchi. 1 bronchi is connected to the left lung while the other is connected to the right lung. The bronchi then branch into main bronchus (a singular main bronchus stem) and then it soon becomes like a tree. There are 30,000 bronchioles (the tiniest tubes in the lungs) in each lung. After there's another organ called the cilia which are tiny little hairs in the windpipe which make sure dirt and mucus don't go in the lungs. Then there's something called the alinovi which help the oxygen to get to your bloodstream. There is also something called pleural membranes which is a layer on the lungs which help oxygen to pass through when you're doing a physical activity. Lastly there's something called the Larynx that is just above the windpipe and is also called the voice box.

The windpipe's function: The function of the windpipe is to help oxygen get to the bronchi and then to the lungs. The windpipe/trachea is a long tube so it can connect to the bronchi and so oxygen can pass through it and get to the lungs. If the windpipe wasn't a long pipe it wouldn't be able to reach the bronchi or the lungs. The windpipe is also wide enough to fit in the small space in between the lungs to connect to the bronchi. If the windpipe was any bigger it wouldn't be able to fit in that space in between the lungs.

Interactions with other systems: The respiratory system interacts with the circulatory/cardiovascular and nervous system. When the respiratory system gives the bloodstream which is part of the circulatory/cardiovascular system oxygen so the heart can give blood to the rest of the body. The nervous system interacts with the respiratory system when you breath in through your nose.

Analogy: 

Analogy image: Image result for oxygen tank

Image link: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:B-25J_Heavenly_Body_oxygen_tank.JPG


Analogy explanation: An oxygen tank is like the respiratory system because the respiratory system helps you get oxygen when you breath in and then it goes through the trachea/windpipe and then to the lungs. When you go scuba diving you have an oxygen tank on your back and a tube (trachea/windpipe) connecting to it is connected to a mouth piece with your mouth on it. The oxygen then goes through the tube to your mouth. The oxygen tank is like the air around you and the tube connected to the mouth piece and the oxygen tank is like the trachea/windpipe. Then when the oxygen goes through the tube and through your mouth to your body, it's like when the oxygen goes through the trachea/windpipe to your lungs.

Redesign: If I could redesign the respiratory system I would make it so the lungs have something to clean itself in case the hairs in the trachea/windpipe don't get all of the dirt from the oxygen. There could also be something to clean the dirt off of the hairs in the trachea/windpipe since those hairs clean the oxygen when it comes in.

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Thursday, November 3, 2016

Nervous system

Nervous system



Body system picture: 



Body system function: The nervous system helps you sense whether you are in trouble or if you want to do something. This is outside of your body but the nervous system also works inside the body. The nervous system helps start process like the digestive system and if you start to eat the nervous system tells the digestive system process to start. This happens without you even knowing but on the outside you know it happens. The nervous system works with the brain so you would know if something will hit you or so a system can start it's process.

Organs: First is the brain which has a lot of different parts that help it function. The main 5 parts of the brain are the cerebrum, the cerebellum, the brain stem, the pituitary, and the hypothalamus. The cerebrum helps you to do things like move your hands and feet. There are 2 halves of the cerebrum, the left side helps you do your work like math and reading. While the right half is all about what you enjoy and colors. The left half of the cerebrum also controls the right side of your body while the right half of the cerebrum controls the left side of your body. After the cerebrum there's the cerebellum which is below and in the back of the cerebrum. The cerebellum helps you with your movement and how you balance. It also helps with your coordination of how your muscles work together. The cerebellum also helps you move around like when you're surfing on a surf board and if you don't have a cerebellum then you won't be able to balance, move, or surf. After is the brain stem and is under the cerebrum and is in front of the cerebellum. The brain stem connects the brain to the spinal cords that run down your back and throughout your body. The brain stem is also in charge of all the functions in your body like digest your food or to breath. It also helps your involuntary muscles function or the ones that your can't control like the heart and it gives the brain messages from other parts of the body. It does the same thing with the brain, it gives messages from the brain to your body parts. Then there's the pituitary which is only as small as a pea and hormones come from it. Those hormones help you to grow and the pituitary helps a lot in puberty when both girls and boys become men and women. Lastly there's the hypothalamus helps you stay at your temperature. Sweating and shivering are both caused by the hypothalamus so you can either get warmer (shivering) or get cooler/colder (sweating).

One organ function: Do you wonder where your emotions come from because they come from the brain which has little cells called amygdala. The amygdala help you feel emotions such as anger, sadness, happiness, shock, fear, and many others.

Interactions with other systems: The nervous system interacts with all of the other systems because they need to know what to do and since the brain is part of the nervous system along with the brain stem which is connected to the spinal cords your body knows what to do. The nervous system sends signals to your muscles so they know what to do. It also connects with other organs that your don't even know your body has (voluntary muscles).

Analogy: 

Analogy image: Image result for radio tower


Analogy explantation: A radio tower is like the nervous system because the nervous system tells the body instructions on what to do through the spinal cord. Then a radio station sends radio signals to radios in the world. The broadcast could include ad commercials and the ad commercials tell the people who are listening who to call or where to go to buy their product. This is similar to how the nervous system transports messages through the spinal cord to other organs or systems. Radio towers broadcast a signal which is then picked up by radios around the world and then people can hear what the broadcasters are saying.

Redesign: A way to redesign the nervous system is to make the brain stem stronger so it can support the weight of your brain better. Also if the skeletal system can't protect the brain stem then if the brain stem is stronger it would be able to withstand a hit to the neck/head. 

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Tuesday, November 1, 2016

Urinary system

Urinary system

Body system picture: 



Body system function: The urinary system is also known as the excretory system has a key organ that does a lot and it's the kidneys. The kidneys are like a filtration system that take out bad stuff from your bloodstream but keep the good ones in to keep you healthy. The urinary system helps you get rid of solid waste as well as fluid waste. The fluid is known as urine which is the product of the urinary system.

Sources: 
Organs: The organs of the urinary system are the kidneys, the ureters, the bladder, and the urethra. The kidneys help filter out all the bad stuff from your bloodstream but they also help you survive from dehydration. This is because when you haven't had water for a long time it will tell the kidneys and the kidneys would reabsorb all water that it can. You then lose less water from your body because the kidneys are preventing you from losing some water in your body. Then there's the ureters which help the urine from the kidneys travel to the bladder. The bladder holds your pee until you go to the restroom. Then what carries the urine from the bladder all the way out of your body is the urethra. The process is first the kidneys filter waste from your bloodstream and then the ureters take the urine from the kidneys. The ureters then carry the urine to the bladder where it stays until you go to the restroom. Lastly the urethra takes the urine out of your body and in the toilet.

One organs function: The kidneys are a big role in the urinary system because it helps you stay hydrated and it filters all the stuff your body doesn't need into a liquid called urine which goes to the bladder.

Interactions with other systems: The Urinary system interacts with the circulatory system because when the urinary system takes out the waste from your bloodstream and the waste goes through the urinary system. The waste that is taken out from your bloodstream is urea, uric acid, and water but some water is returned to the bloodstream. The urinary system also interacts with the endocrine system by monitoring the compound and fluid levels.

Analogy: 
 Analogy image: 


Analogy explanation: A sink water filter is like the Urinary system because the Urinary system filters your bloodstream so it doesn't have any waste your body has. Then the sink filter takes the water (the bloodstream) from the sink and cleans it just like the urinary system does for your body. Then when you need to go to the bathroom the waste is stored in the bladder and when you need to go you go to the bathroom. With the sink filter it has a container that's connected to the filtration system and all the waste from the water goes in the containers just like the wasted from you body is held in the bladder. Then when your ready to clean the sink filter you can just take the waste out like how you release the waste in your body by going to the bathroom.

Redesign: We could redesign the urinary system by making it less dirty. If the urinary system is less dirty then it will get less diseases and infections. If the Urinary system had less infections and diseases people wouldn't have to get surgery for it. We could also make it so the urinary system takes more waste out from your bloodstream so you won't get sick from it in your bloodstream.

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